By Kazune:
V = Vanish...Well, you know how it works. When you double click a Vanish skill, look for the third line from the top of the descriptions. There should be two number, the number on the left being the Skill Level, the one on the right being the Target Skill Level. For a Vanish spell, the Target Skill Level for the spell itself must be higher than the enemy support skill's Skill Level. Else, the Vanishing fails. The highest ranking Vanish skill you have at that level should be エナジーリークⅠon Satsuki and Ruptona, or アイシクルアロー(not the one with the Alpha sign next to it, that's for Vanishing your enemy's Vanish skills) line of Setup Skill, on Talia and Ruptona.
Av = Anti-Vanish, Support Skills which are immune to the Vanish skills. Mostly Black or White, but some special skills of Blue, Red or Green can be Av as well.
S = Setup, correct.
I = Interrupt, meaning it activates on certain conditions in battle. For example, when the enemy casts a support skill, or a teammate activating a defense skill. These are very variated.
Ai = Anti-Interrupt. Basically works as the name states. Using a skill with this ability would not allow your enemy's Interrupt skills to activate.
Bu = Buster skills. Completely ignores all enemy M and F defense numbers, dealing damage to hp directly. Stopped by Protection skills. There exists a different Type of Buster Attacks, which is only stated within the text in skill descriptions. Those are similar, but different to these, and have differing effects as stated in their respective descriptions.
R = Reverse. Mainly used for Defense Skills with the ability to Reverse the damage done by the enemy into Healing. The Healing happens first, THEN the damage is dealt to the character, and the Healing is usually a % of the total damage dealt. You will encounter this quite soon.
C = Counter(-attack). Also for Defense Skills, with the ability to Counter Attack and deal damage to the attacker equal to a % of the damage dealt to the defender.
Pr = Protection. Provides Complete Protection against skills of the Color the Pr skill affects. Minions and Avatars usually only have Protection skills which protects against one color. Bosses are the ones who will have crazy protection skills which neutralizes more than one, and up to ALL colors' skills. The color protected against is only stated in the text descriptions or within the skill name(Protection: Blue, Protection: White, etc), so those who don't understand Japanese would have to rely on trial & error.
For All-Color Protection skills, there is only one way to get through the Protection...
Pe = Penetration. Basically "the skill-ability to rule them all". Be it Counter, Recovery, Reverse, or Protection, skills with this ability will IGNORE ALL THOSE EFFECTS. As the word means, "Penetrates" through the enemy's defense abilities. But would still be reduced by normal defense capabilities(meaning the M and F numbers) of the defense skill itself, though.
So basically a skill with Pe + Bu = Unstoppable Damage... No sure if there's such a skill, though.
That's it, I believe.